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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク History of Mangalorean Catholics ： ウィキペディア英語版 History of Mangalorean Catholics The History of Mangalorean Catholics comprises three major eras. The first era consists of the Aryan inheritance from their ancestors, who once lived at the regions of the now extinct Saraswati River, and later migrated to Goa possibility due to the drying up of the river and/or Muslim invasion. The second era was the Lusitanian legacy, due to the conversion of their Hindu ancestors in Goa to Roman Catholicism by the Portuguese, and the final era being the migration of these Roman Catholics in Goa to Mangalore and other parts of South Canara between the mid-16th and mid-18th centuries, forming a new Mangalorean Catholic identity, and the subsequent growth and development of the community.〔: "In fact the Aryan Inheritance and the Lusitanian Legacy may be regarded as the first two of the three major eras in the history of our community, the third and final era being the southward migration to Mangalore and other parts of Kanara between the mid 16th and mid 18th centuries, and the subsequent growth and development of the fledgling community."〕 Several centuries of living in South Canara gave these Catholics an identity of their own.〔: "Four centuries of living in South Kanara gave these Catholics an identity of their own. Thus they are commonly known as ''Mangalorean Catholics''."〕 The Roman Catholics from Goa migrated to Mangalore in three major waves, the first after 1560, the second after 1570, and the third in about 1683. The first wave of migrants left due to the Goa Inquisition of 1560. The second and third waves left Goa because of famines, epidemics, and political upheavals such as the Portuguese–Maratha wars. During Hyder Ali's regime, the community had flourished. Soon after his son Tippu Sultan gained possession of Mangalore in January 1784, he issued orders to seize the Christians in Canara, confiscate their estates, and deport them to Seringapatam. They had to suffer extreme hardships, torture, death, and persecutions during the captivity. Many Christians were forcibly converted to Islam. Of the 60,000-80,000 Christians taken captive, only 15,000-20,000 made it out alive as Christians. The captivity ended with the death of Tippu in the Battle of Seringapatam (1799). ==Ancestral roots== Traditional accounts of the ancestral roots of Mangalorean Catholics have taught that they are descended from the Aryans who lived on the banks of the now extinct Saraswati River. Most historians agree that the Aryans descended into India from the areas of present-day Iran, and some came by themselves, while others came with their leaders in search of territorial expansions. The Saraswati river dried up in long stretches around 1500 BCE, when its source in the Himalayas got diverted into the Yamuna River due to sand deposition and river piracy. Due to the harshness in their native environments, several Aryan groups migrated to various different locations across India. According to Historian Alan Machado Prabhu, the modern Mangalorean Catholic community is mainly descended from two Aryan groups: the group which migrated to the Konkan coast and Goa; and the group which migrated to Bengal.〔: "Originating, so far as is known, from the banks of the legendary Sarasvati river, some members of this group moved south towards the Konkan coast and Goa, others moved east towards Bengal. Linguistic research provides ample evidence of the common origin of the two groups. It is from these two groups that the ancestry of the modern Mangalorean Catholic community derives."〕 The Aryans are thought to have first migrated to Goa beginning in 600 BCE, and continuing in several waves until 400 CE. The Goud Saraswat Brahmins (GSBs) are believed to have migrated to Goa later around 300 CE from the Saraswati River settlement in Bengal. The GSBs also claim their origin to the Brahmins who lived on the banks of the now extinct Saraswati River. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of Mangalorean Catholics」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.